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Increasing Familiarity—Press Relations

Embarking on a marketing effort with the major European financial centers as the initial focus is, however, extremely arduous for new, particularly non-European, groups.

Given appropriate lists of contacts, one-on-one meetings can be arranged relatively straightforwardly, but their effectiveness is dependent on a series ofcriteria beyond the chemistry of the meeting itself.

Press relations, actively undertaken, will serve both to boost familiarity of a fund management group and, moreover, can prove a valuable information source to the group as well as from it.

Over the past few years, the European press has increasingly reacted positively—with certain exceptions—to the derivatives industry as a whole and to managed derivatives in particular. Read more »

Increasing Familiarity—Press Relations

Embarking on a marketing effort with the major European financial centers as the initial focus is, however, extremely arduous for new, particularly non-European, groups.

Given appropriate lists of contacts, one-on-one meetings can be arranged relatively straightforwardly, but their effectiveness is dependent on a series ofcriteria beyond the chemistry of the meeting itself.

Press relations, actively undertaken, will serve both to boost familiarity of a fund management group and, moreover, can prove a valuable information source to the group as well as from it. Read more »

Relating Familiar Marketing Techniques to Managed Derivatives Targets

European Institutions

The preparedness of European institutions to purchase either managed derivatives funds or programmes varies across the continent and is dependent upon a series of factors some of which may be addressed by marketing.

  1. The regulatory (and tax) environment;
  2. general familiarity with the derivatives and managed derivatives industry;
  3. familiarity with the fund management group attempting to sell product;
  4. presence and format of a track record (at least for past funds if a new product is offered);
  5. money under management within the fund group;
  6. technical expertise within the fund group;
  7. performance aspirations for the fund or investment programme;
  8. quality and content of the explanatory/sales materials;
  9. financial considerations such as fees implicit within the fund or programme.

Read more »

RETAIL SALES (continue…)

Agents

One marketing consideration that generally affects fund groups attempting international retail sales is a need for agents in various countries.

Making contact with such agents has, in the past, normally been achieved by advertising (often classified) in such publications as The Economist or the International Herald Tribune supported by editorial coverage of a fund group’s ambitions in agents‘ trade magazines (of which there are a growing number).

There are three principal messages that need to be put across. The first, most obviously, is the size of the upfront sales commission and of the so-called ‘trail’ or ‘trailing commission’ (the ongoing income to an agent whose clients stay with the fund). Quite reasonably, fund companies have become uncomfortable with an exclusive focus on upfront commissions since certain groups found themselves being burnt by commission earning money coming into a fund and then, mysteriously, moving on somewhere else.

The second message is support. Agents increasingly respond well to formal training sessions — both about the managed derivatives market in general as well as about the specific product on offer. Supplementing such events, many fund groups also put together specific agents packages which include simplified written explanations of aspects of the derivatives industry and on the historical/academic arguments often used to promote derivatives funds—Portfolio Diversification,Futures as a Separate Asset Class, Modern Portfolio Theory and so on. Read more »

RETAIL SALES

Advertising

Beyond the requirement for agents (discussed below), fund groups undertaking retail sales tend to support their marketing efforts with fund advertising. Advertising regulations are both complex and highly variable between different countries but that does not mean that effective campaigns cannot be developed.

One problem to be faced here is that the most effective marketing statement— the expected performance of a new fund—is the one most difficult to get past the regulations. (Past performance is no guarantee of future results, for example.)

Fund Structure

Retail orientated managed derivatives funds may often differ from their institutional counterparts. The best example of this is in the employment of guarantees of return of capital. So-called guaranteed funds appeared in the mid-1980s and have thus far escaped the best efforts of numbers of regulators (outside the USA) to force a name change to something less overtly promotional (assured capital funds and so on).

Futures TradingGuarantees have their supporters and detractors but they do sell to retail investors and investors who (in most, but not all, countries) like the assurance of a guarantee when trying a new type of investment vehicle and are less swayed by comments about performance dilution than are the institutions. Furthermore, from a marketing standpoint, the presence of a guarantee or more accurately a guarantor creates the opportunity to include the name of a bank (often a major bank) as an additional sales incentive.

Marketing Materials

There is no proof of the assertion that retail investors are more swayed by brightly coloured marketing materials than are institutions. What is clear, however, is that the content of such materials should spend time introducing the concepts of derivatives and of managed derivatives at a more basic level. One worry expressed by many fund groups is the inclusion of the notorious word commodities within documentation about a diversified fund and various awkward attempts have been made at euphemism.

In fact it is probable that commodities — pictured rather than discussed— have a positive rather than negative sales impact since they are much more readily comprehensible than certain classes of financial instruments. When a retail investor understands that the natural way to invest in oil or (tax-free) gold is through derivatives he or she is often on the way to becoming the purchaser of a certain type of fund.

Joint Ventures

Creating joint venture arrangements between a fund group and a financial group capable of distributing product is one of the most efficient ways to obtain investment capital, but at a price. The key requirement in arranging joint ventures is not marketing but having a clear understanding of the financial structure of the proposed fund and the income consequences of various splits of the managed or sales fees or brokerage commissions.

Marketing can help initiate discussions, however. Here, a high profile in the press is desirable, particularly if supported by occasional conference platform speeches (see below). It may also be helpful for a member of the fund management team to be an active member of a derivatives or managed derivatives trade association—to give more strings to the marketing bow.

Relating Familiar Marketing Techniques to Managed Derivatives Targets

European Institutions

The preparedness of European institutions to purchase either managed derivatives funds or programmes varies across the continent and is dependent upon a series of factors some of which may be addressed by marketing.

  1. The regulatory (and tax) environment;
  2. general familiarity with the derivatives and managed derivatives industry;
  3. familiarity with the fund management group attempting to sell product;
  4. presence and format of a track record (at least for past funds if a new product is offered);
  5. money under management within the fund group;
  6. technical expertise within the fund group;
  7. performance aspirations for the fund or investment programme;
  8. quality and content of the explanatory/sales materials;
  9. financial considerations such as fees implicit within the fund or programme.

Read more »

Marketing Issues : Some Generalisations

The regulations currently concerning the registration, promotion and sale of derivatives funds in Europe are covered in other articles of this blog. While these regulations are complex, or alternatively, ill-defined, two generalizations are possible.

The first is that European citizens may buy derivatives funds wherever these funds are registered and in whatever form they take. The second is that it is normally possible to promote derivatives funds to residents of a European country who are not its citizens and who do not naturally speak its language— in other words to the expatriate community of a country—at least as a first option.

Both generalizations require definition. Read more »

Regulation of Managed Futures Funds in the US and Japan

Use of Derivatives by Investment Companies

As long as ICs comply with SEC regulations concerning asset coverage, there are no significant restrictions on their use of derivatives. However, an IC which uses derivatives more than just as a hedging strategy potentially faces the need to register with the CFTC as a CPO and may be required to comply with two different regulatory regimes.

Where an IC is registered with the SEC, its operator is not required to register with the CFTC as a CPO, if the IC enters into transactions in CFTC regulated derivatives for bona fide hedging purposes.

This exemption is dependent on the IC complying with the following conditions:

  1. it commits no more than 5 per cent of its total net assets to initial margin and option premiums;

Read more »

Regulation of Managed Futures Funds in Europe Part 1

Europe is taken here to mean those countries loosely bound together geographically as Europe, rather than necessarily members of the EC. The countries covered include Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland (the Republic of), Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom.

The majority of the EC countries covered have no legislation for domestic managed futures funds and so where that is the case, the information given relates to the marketing of offshore managed futures funds within that jurisdiction. Read more »

The Origins of the Futures Industry (part 4)

THE GROUP OF THIRTY

The recent report by the Washington-based think-tank, the Group of Thirty, sought to address many of the problems associated with the risk ofover-the-counter derivative products. The Group of Thirty or G30 is a private group made up largely of the senior management of banks from all over the world and academics working in the field of economics.

The current members are:

  1. Rt. Hon. Lord Richardson of Duntisbourne KG, honorary chairman
  2. Paul Volcker, chairman, Group of Thirty, and chairman of James DWolfensohn Inc.
  3. Dr Pedro Aspe, Secretario de Hacienda y Credito Publico Mexico
  4. Geoffrey Bell, executive secretary, Group of Thirty, and president of GeoffreyBell & Company

Read more »

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